brain

tamnd's digital brain — notes, problems, research

43815 notes

你好吗 (nǐ hǎo ma) — how are you?

HSK 1 | greeting phrase | asks about someone's wellbeing

hsk-1vocabularya1
〜といっても — JLPT N2 Grammar

Learn how to use 〜といっても (to ittemo) to qualify or soften a previous statement — 'even though I say ~, it's not as extreme as you think.' Includes structure, nuance, examples, and comparisons.

japanesegrammarn2jlpt
IMO 1962 Problem 7

The previous solution failed at the structural point where it tried to characterize tetrahedra admitting a sphere tangent to all six edge-lines.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1962 Problem 5

The problem is a construction problem on a fixed circumcircle.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1962 Problem 4

Consider the equation

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1962 Problem 2

We seek all real numbers $x$ satisfying

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1962 Problem 1

Let $n$ be a natural number ending in 6 such that moving the 6 to the front produces a number four times as large.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1961 Problem 5

We are asked to construct a triangle $ABC$ when the side lengths

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1961 Problem 4

The problem is a pure proof problem.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1961 Problem 2

The statement asks for a lower bound on $a^2+b^2+c^2$ in terms of the area $S$ of a triangle.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1961 Problem 1

The problem asks for conditions on the parameters $a$ and $b$ under which the system admits three distinct positive numbers $x,y,z$.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1960 Problem 7

The problem concerns a right circular cone inscribed in a sphere and a cylinder circumscribed about the same sphere.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1960 Problem 4

The previous solution failed at two genuinely important points.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1960 Problem 3

The reviewers identified two genuine problems in the previous proof.

imomathematicsolympiad
IMO 1996 SL A4

Let … be nonnegative real numbers, not all zero.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 2001 SL N1

Prove that there is no positive integer n such that for k =

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadnumber theory
IMO 1995 SL A3

Let n be an integer, n \geq3. Let a1, a2, . . . , an be real numbers

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 1974 SL 1

I 1 (USA 4)IMO1 Alice, Betty, and Carol took the same series of exam-

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2004 SL G8

A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD is given. The lines AD and

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1986 SL 11

Let f(n) be the least number of distinct points in the plane

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1982 SL 10

B4 (BRA 1) A box contains p white balls and q black balls. Beside the

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1968 SL 11

Find all solutions … of the equation

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1971 SL 3

Knowing that the system

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2003 SL G2

Three distinct points A, B, C are fixed on a line in this order.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 2003 SL C3

Let n \geq5 be a given integer. Determine the largest integer

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 1988 SL 8

Let u1, u2, . . . , um be m vectors in the plane, each of length

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1998 SL 17

A sequence of integers a1, a2, a3, . . . is defined as follows: a1 = 1,

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1990 SL 21

(ROM 1′) Let n be a composite natural number and p a proper divisor

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1999 SL N3

Prove that there exist two strictly increasing sequences (an)

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadnumber theory
IMO 1978 SL 8

Let S be the set of all the odd positive integers that are not

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2002 SL C3

Let n be a positive integer. A sequence of n positive integers

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 2003 SL A2

Find all nondecreasing functions f : R oR such that

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 2001 SL C8

Twenty-one girls and twenty-one boys took part in a

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 2000 SL C1

A magician has one hundred cards numbered 1 to 100.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 1986 SL 8

From a collection of n persons q distinct two-member teams

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1979 SL 6

Find the real values of p for which the equation

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1993 SL 5

On an infinite chessboard, a solitaire game is played as

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1993 SL 26

Let a, b, c, d be four nonnegative numbers satisfying a+b+c+d =

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1985 SL 14

4b.(IRE 4) A set of 1985 points is distributed around the circumference

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1976 SL 4

(GBR 1a)IMO6 For all positive integral n, un+1 = un(u2

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1979 SL 10

Show that for any vectors a, b in Euclidean space,

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1999 SL G7

The point M inside the convex quadrilateral ABCD is such

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1981 SL 1

(a) For which values of n > 2 is there a set of n consecutive

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1984 SL 15

Angles of a given triangle ABC are all smaller than 120◦.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1981 SL 16

A sequence of real numbers u1, u2, u3, . . . is determined by u1

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1993 SL 18

Let Sn be the number of sequences (a1, a2, . . . , an), where ai \in

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1989 SL 16

The set {a0, a1, . . . , an} of real numbers satisfies the following

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1968 SL 21

Let a0, a1, . . . , ak (k \geq1) be positive integers. Find all positive

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1976 SL 6

A rectangular box can be filled completely with unit cubes.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1991 SL 28

Given a real number a > 1, construct an infinite and

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1979 SL 21

Let N be the number of integral solutions of the equation

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1968 SL 25

Given k parallel lines and a few points on each of them, find

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1995 SL A1

Let a, b, and c be positive real numbers such that abc = 1.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 1998 SL 8

Let ABC be a triangle such that ngleA = 90◦and ngleB < ngleC. The

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1990 SL 13

An eccentric mathematician has a ladder with n rungs that he

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1970 SL 10

Let 1 = a0 \leqa1 \leqa2 \leq\cdot \cdot \cdot \leqan \leq\cdot \cdot \cdot be a sequence of

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1982 SL 7

B1 (CAN 2)

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1997 SL 19

Let a1 \geq\cdot \cdot \cdot \geqan \geqan+1 = 0 be a sequence of real numbers.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2001 SL C5

Find all finite sequences (x0, x1, . . . , xn) such that for every

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 1992 SL 14

For any positive integer x define

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2000 SL G7

Ten gangsters are standing on a flat surface, and the distances

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1992 SL 18

Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2002 SL A3

Let P be a cubic polynomial given by P(x) = ax3+bx2+cx+

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 1984 SL 1

Find all solutions of the following system of n equations in n

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2003 SL N6

Let p be a prime number. Prove that there exists a prime

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadnumber theory
IMO 1984 SL 9

Let a, b, c be positive numbers with \sqrta+

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1989 SL 29

A flock of 155 birds sit down on a circle C. Two birds Pi, Pj are

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1988 SL 24

Let {ak}\infty

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1982 SL 9

B3 (GBR 1) Let ABC be a triangle, and let P be a point inside it such

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1987 SL 5

Find, with proof, the point P in the interior of an acute-angled

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1971 SL 7

Given a tetrahedron ABCD whose all faces are acute-

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1986 SL 21

Let ABCD be a tetrahedron having each sum of opposite sides

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1976 SL 9

Let P1(x) = x2 −2, Pj(x) = P1(Pj−1(x)), j = 2, 3, . . . .

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1977 SL 8

Let S be a convex quadrilateral ABCD and O a point inside

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1995 SL A4

Let a, b, and c be given positive real numbers. Determine all

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 1972 SL 4

Let n1, n2 be positive integers. Consider in a plane E two dis-

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1979 SL 7

Given that 1 −1

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1983 SL 18

Let a, b, c be positive integers satisfying (a, b) = (b, c) =

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1996 SL C7

Let … be a finite set and let …, … be bijective functions from … onto itself. Let

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 1975 SL 13

Let A0, A1, . . . , An be points in a plane such that

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1999 SL G2

A circle is called a separator for a set of five points in a plane

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 2000 SL C4

Let n and k be positive integers such that n/2 < k \leq2n/3.

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadcombinatorics
IMO 1996 SL N5

Let … denote the set of nonnegative integers. Find a bijective function … from … into … such that for all …,

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadnumber theory
IMO 1990 SL 25

Let Q+ be the set of positive rational numbers. Construct

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1973 SL 4

Let P be a set of 7 different prime numbers and C a set of

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1985 SL 15

5a.(FRA 3) Let K and K′ be two squares in the same plane, their sides

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1979 SL 14

Find all bases of logarithms in which a real positive number

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1988 SL 19

Let f(n) be a function defined on the set of all positive integers

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1982 SL 12

B6 (FIN 3) Four distinct circles C, C1, C2, C3 and a line L are given in

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1968 SL 15

Let … denote the integer part of …, i.e., the greatest integer not exceeding …. If … is a positive integer, express as…

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1999 SL G3

A set S of points in space will be called completely sym-

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1982 SL 16

C4 (GBR 2)IMO4 Prove that if n is a positive integer such that the

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1993 SL 1

Show that there exists a finite set A \subsetR2 such that for

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2001 SL A2

Let a0, a1, a2, . . . be an arbitrary infinite sequence of positive

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadalgebra
IMO 1998 SL 7

Let ABC be a triangle such that ngleACB = 2ngleABC. Let D be

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1990 SL 12

Let ABC be a triangle and L the line through C parallel to

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 1994 SL G2

ABCD is a quadrilateral with BC parallel to AD. M is the

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1998 SL 26

In a contest, there are m candidates and n judges, where

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad
IMO 2002 SL G2

Let ABC be a triangle for which there exists an interior

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiadgeometry
IMO 1977 SL 15

The length of a finite sequence is defined as the number of

imoshortlistmathematicsolympiad