brain

tamnd's digital brain — notes, problems, research

43815 notes

失败 (shībài) — defeat, failure; to fail

HSK 4 | n/v | the state of not succeeding; to not succeed

hsk-4vocabularyb1
〜です — Copula (Polite Be)
japanesegrammarn5verb-forms
忙 (máng) — busy

HSK 1 | adjective | busy, occupied

hsk-1vocabularya1
智慧 (zhìhuì) — wisdom

HSK 6 | n | the highest form of human intelligence — the capacity to use knowledge and experience with sound judgment

hsk-6vocabularyc1
Travel & Transportation

Esperanto vocabulary for travel, transportation, directions, accommodation, and tourism.

esperantovocabularytraveltransportationtourism
保证 (bǎozhèng) — to guarantee / to ensure

HSK 3 | verb / noun | a firm commitment that something will happen

hsk-3vocabularya2
活动 (huódòng) — activity; event; campaign

HSK 4 | noun / verb | an activity, event, or campaign; to move around

hsk-4vocabularyb1
过敏 (guòmǐn) — allergy; to be allergic

HSK 4 | noun/verb | an immune reaction to a normally harmless substance

hsk-4vocabularyb1
やっと (やっと) — Japanese Vocabulary

やっと (やっと / yatto): finally, at last. N4 level Japanese vocabulary.

japanesevocabularyn4adverb
被 (bèi) — passive marker

HSK 3 | preposition | marks passive voice, indicating the subject is acted upon

hsk-3vocabularya2
Lesson 3: Compound Words

Learn how Esperanto's unlimited compounding system works to create precise, expressive vocabulary from simple roots.

esperantob1lesson
从来 (cónglái) — never / always (with negation)

HSK 3 | adverb | used with negation to mean 'never' or 'not once'

hsk-3vocabularya2
JLPT N4 Lesson 6: The Four Conditionals — Deep Dive

Master all four Japanese conditional forms — 〜たら, 〜ば, 〜なら, 〜と — with a comprehensive 4×4 comparison grid, learner error analysis, and contexts where substitution between them is impossible.

japanesen4jlptlessonlanguage-learning
CF 475C - Kamal-ol-molk's Painting

We are given a grid where some cells are marked X. These are the cells that were painted at least once. Originally, a rectangular brush of size h × w was placed somewhere on the grid. After that, the brush was moved several times.

codeforcescompetitive-programmingbrute-forceconstructive-algorithmsgreedy
趋势 (qūshì) — trend; tendency

HSK 4 | noun | the general direction in which something is developing

hsk-4vocabularyb1
坏 (huài) — bad, broken, spoiled

HSK 2 | adjective | morally bad, of poor quality, or physically broken/spoiled

hsk-2vocabularya1
探究 (tànjiū) — to investigate; to explore; to probe

HSK 5 | verb | to investigate deeply; to explore and inquire into the nature of something

hsk-5vocabularyb2
決める (きめる) — Japanese Vocabulary

決める (きめる / kimeru): to decide. N4 level Japanese vocabulary.

japanesevocabularyn4verb-ru
方便 (fāngbiàn) — convenient; easy to use

HSK 2 | adjective | describes something that saves time or effort

hsk-2vocabularya1
甜 (tián) — sweet

HSK 4 | adjective | having the pleasant taste of sugar; also used figuratively

hsk-4vocabularyb1
合法 (héfǎ) — legal; lawful

HSK 5 | adjective | legal, lawful, legitimate

hsk-5vocabularyb2
冷静 (lěngjìng) — calm; cool-headed; composed

HSK 3 | adjective | remaining rational and unruffled in difficult situations

hsk-3vocabularya2
培养 (péiyǎng) — to cultivate; to nurture

HSK 5 | verb | to cultivate, to nurture, to develop, to train

hsk-5vocabularyb2
阐述 (chǎnshù) — to elaborate, to expound

HSK 6 | verb | to set forth in detail, to expound on a topic systematically

hsk-6vocabularyc1
Lesson 16: Formal Written Essays

The C1 Chinese argumentative essay — 议论文 structure, evidence types, transitional logic, and the art of rhetorical elevation

hsk-6lessonc1
命题 (mìngtí) — proposition; to set a topic

HSK 6 | n/v | a proposition or thesis; the act of setting an examination question or essay topic

hsk-6vocabularyc1
下午 (xiàwǔ) — afternoon

HSK 1 | noun | the period from noon to around 6 p.m.

hsk-1vocabularya1
Lesson 5: Making Plans

Express intentions and future plans using 打算, 准备, 要, and 会 in natural Chinese.

hsk-2lessona1
不是 (bú shì) — no; is not; am not; are not

HSK 1 | phrase | negates identity or equation using the verb 是

hsk-1vocabularya1
Transportation Vocabulary — Japanese N1

Essential Japanese vocabulary for trains, buses, taxis, traffic, directions. N1 level reference with readings, romaji, and examples.

japanesevocabularyn1transportation
讨论 (tǎolùn) — to discuss; discussion

HSK 4 | verb/noun | to exchange views on a topic in order to reach understanding or agreement

hsk-4vocabularyb1
科学 (kēxué) — scientific; systematic

HSK 4 | noun / adjective | science; or being scientific and systematic

hsk-4vocabularyb1
医生 (yīshēng) — doctor

HSK 1 | noun | doctor, physician

hsk-1vocabularya1
Supplement 3: Poetry Composition — Linnyd and Aerlinn Forms

How to compose Sindarin poetry: the attested linnod verse form (7+7 syllables), scansion of A Elbereth Gilthoniel, alliteration rules, and step-by-step composition exercises.

sindarinpoetrycompositionlinnodadvanced
专业人士 (zhuānyè rénshì) — Professional / expert

HSK 4 | noun | a person with specialized professional expertise

hsk-4vocabularyb1
声誉 (shēngyù) — reputation; prestige

HSK 5 | noun | reputation, prestige, good name

hsk-5vocabularyb2
评论 (pínglùn) — to comment on; commentary; review

HSK 4 | verb / noun | offering analysis or opinion on something

hsk-4vocabularyb1
Lesson 7: News & Journalism Style

The inverted pyramid, news leads, and the register conventions of Chinese journalism — reading and producing newswriting at C1 level

hsk-6lessonc1
政策 (zhèngcè) — policy

HSK 5 | noun | an official plan or course of action adopted by a government or organization

hsk-5vocabularyb2
否认 (fǒurèn) — to deny; to negate

HSK 4 | verb | to refuse to admit or acknowledge something

hsk-4vocabularyb1
机器学习 (jīqì xuéxí) — machine learning

HSK 5 | noun | a branch of AI in which systems learn from data to improve performance

hsk-5vocabularyb2
压力 (yālì) — pressure; stress

HSK 5 | noun | pressure, stress, burden

hsk-5vocabularyb2
朋友 (péngyou) — friend

HSK 1 | noun | friend

hsk-1vocabularya1
N4 Kanji: 教 (Teach, Instruct)

JLPT N4 kanji 教 — readings, vocabulary, stroke order, mnemonic, and common confusion pairs.

japanesen4jlptkanjilanguage-learning
零 (líng) — zero

HSK 1 | number | the digit zero; also used between digits in spoken numbers

hsk-1vocabularya1
制造 (zhìzào) — to manufacture; to produce

HSK 5 | verb / noun | to manufacture; to fabricate; to produce

hsk-5vocabularyb2
质量 (zhìliàng) — quality

HSK 3 | noun | quality, standard — how good or poor something is

hsk-3vocabularya2
車 — Kanji Reference

車 (car, vehicle): 7 strokes, JLPT N5. On: シャ. Kun: くるま.

japanesekanjin5writing
代表 (dàibiǎo) — to represent; representative; delegation

HSK 4 | verb / noun | standing in for or symbolizing someone or something

hsk-4vocabularyb1
谋划 (móuhuà) — to scheme; to plan strategically

HSK 5 | verb | to plan carefully and strategically; to devise a scheme

hsk-5vocabularyb2
公平的 (gōngpíng de) — equitable, fair

HSK 5 | adjective | fair and just; treating everyone equally

hsk-5vocabularyb2
如果 (rúguǒ) — if; supposing that

HSK 1 | conjunction | introduces a conditional clause

hsk-1vocabularya1
睡觉 (shuìjiào) — to sleep

HSK 1 | verb phrase | to sleep, to go to sleep

hsk-1vocabularya1
市场 (shìchǎng) — market; marketplace

HSK 4 | noun | a place or system where goods and services are exchanged

hsk-4vocabularyb1
沟通 (gōutōng) — Communicate, communication

HSK 5 | verb/noun | to communicate; mutual exchange of information or feelings

hsk-5vocabularyb2
Lesson 25: HSK 6 Final Review

Consolidation of all C1 patterns, high-frequency vocabulary review, and a comprehensive self-assessment framework for HSK 6 readiness

hsk-6lessonc1
晚上 (wǎnshang) — evening, night

HSK 1 | noun | the period from dusk to bedtime

hsk-1vocabularya1
支持 (zhīchí) — to support

HSK 3 | verb | to support, to back, to endorse

hsk-3vocabularya2
包子 (bāozi) — steamed bun

HSK 3 | noun | steamed stuffed bun, a classic Chinese food

hsk-3vocabularya2
九 — Kanji Reference

九 (nine): 2 strokes, JLPT N5. On: キュウ、ク. Kun: ここの、ここの-つ.

japanesekanjin5writing
完 (wán) — finished, done, to run out

HSK 2 | verb/complement | result complement: action is completed/finished

hsk-2vocabularya1
Keigo — Honorific Japanese

Complete guide to keigo (敬語): teineigo (polite), sonkeigo (respectful), and kenjougo (humble) — with conjugation rules, common verbs, and example sentences.

japanesegrammarkeigohonorificjlpt-n2language-learning
正式 (zhèngshì) — formal; official; proper

HSK 4 | adjective | formal, official, or done according to proper procedure

hsk-4vocabularyb1
女人 (nǚrén) — woman

HSK 1 | noun | woman, female adult

hsk-1vocabularya1
灭绝 (mièjué) — Extinction, to exterminate

HSK 5 | verb/noun | to become extinct; total elimination of a species or group

hsk-5vocabularyb2
启发 (qǐfā) — to inspire; inspiration

HSK 5 | verb / noun | to inspire, to enlighten; inspiration, enlightenment

hsk-5vocabularyb2
心理健康 (xīnlǐ jiànkāng) — mental health

HSK 5 | noun phrase | mental health; psychological well-being

hsk-5vocabularyb2
呼吁 (hūyù) — to appeal; to call for

HSK 5 | verb / noun | to appeal, to call for, to urge; an appeal, a call

hsk-5vocabularyb2
是 (shì) — to be (is, am, are)

HSK 1 | verb | the linking verb 'to be'; NOT used for possession

hsk-1vocabularya1
虚拟现实 (xūnǐ xiànshí) — virtual reality

HSK 5 | noun | immersive computer-simulated environment

hsk-5vocabularyb2
有意思 (yǒu yìsi) — interesting; fun

HSK 3 | adjective | describing something as interesting, fun, or engaging

hsk-3vocabularya2
骄傲 (jiāoào) — proud / arrogant

HSK 3 | adjective / noun | pride (positive: proud of someone); arrogance (negative: conceited)

hsk-3vocabularya2
品牌 (pǐnpái) — brand

HSK 5 | noun | brand, brand name

hsk-5vocabularyb2
CF 478D - Red-Green Towers

We are asked to build a staircase-like structure made from two types of blocks, red and green. The structure has some number of levels, and the levels form a strict decreasing sequence in size: if the top level has size n, then the next has n-1, then n-2, and so on down to 1.

codeforcescompetitive-programmingdp
应对 (yìngduì) — to cope with; to respond to

HSK 4 | verb | to cope with; to deal with; to respond

hsk-4vocabularyb1
问题 (wèntí) — problem; question; issue

HSK 4 | noun | something that requires thought, attention, or resolution

hsk-4vocabularyb1
Lesson 8: Reading Caesar — Applied Intermediate Latin

Apply all intermediate constructions to Caesar's De Bello Gallico, with a full analysis of BG 1.1.

latinintermediatelesson
钱 (qián) — money

HSK 2 | noun | money, currency, or a sum of money

hsk-2vocabularya1
Lesson 2: Academic Vocabulary

Build the core vocabulary and discourse structures needed to engage with academic texts, arguments, and analytical writing in Chinese.

hsk-5lessonb2
〜ずにはすまない (social obligation — cannot avoid doing)

N1 grammar pattern 〜ずにはすまない: expressing that social norms, morality, or the situation demands that X be done — one cannot get by without doing X.

japanesen1grammarjlptずにはすまないobligation
维护 (wéihù) — to maintain; to uphold; to defend

HSK 4 | verb | to maintain or protect something

hsk-4vocabularyb1
同意 (tóngyì) — Agree

HSK 4 | verb | to agree, to consent, to approve

hsk-4vocabularyb1
经过 (jīngguò) — to pass by / through

HSK 3 | verb / preposition | to pass through or by; after going through a process

hsk-3vocabularya2
保守的 (bǎoshǒu de) — conservative

HSK 5 | adjective | resistant to change; preferring traditional values

hsk-5vocabularyb2
好看 (hǎokàn) — good-looking

HSK 1 | adjective | pleasant to look at, applies broadly to people and things

hsk-1vocabularya1
CF 463D - Gargari and Permutations

We are given k permutations of the numbers from 1 to n. A permutation is simply a rearrangement of these numbers. Our goal is to find the length of the longest sequence of numbers that appears in the same relative order in all k permutations.

codeforcescompetitive-programmingdfs-and-similardpgraphsimplementation
昨 — JLPT N5 Kanji

昨 (saku/): yesterday. JLPT N5 kanji.

japanesekanjin5jlpt
Lesson 2: Vortaro and Etymology

A systematic guide to Esperanto's authoritative dictionaries, the etymology of its root stock, neologism adoption, and confusable word pairs at advanced level.

esperantoc1lesson
会议 (huìyì) — meeting; conference; session

HSK 4 | noun | a formal gathering for discussion or decision-making

hsk-4vocabularyb1
N4 Kanji: 顔 (Face)

JLPT N4 kanji 顔 — readings, vocabulary, stroke order, mnemonic, and common confusion pairs.

japanesen4jlptkanjilanguage-learning
真 (zhēn) — really, truly, genuine

HSK 2 | adverb/adjective | really, truly, genuinely; real, authentic

hsk-2vocabularya1
方便 (fāngbiàn) — convenient

HSK 3 | adjective / verb | convenient, to be convenient, to make things easy

hsk-3vocabularya2
司法 (sīfǎ) — judicial; justice system

HSK 5 | noun / adjective | judiciary, the judicial system, administration of justice

hsk-5vocabularyb2
形成 (xíngchéng) — to form; to develop; to take shape

HSK 4 | verb | the process by which something comes into being

hsk-4vocabularyb1
教授 (jiàoshòu) — Professor

HSK 4 | noun/verb | professor; to teach, to instruct

hsk-4vocabularyb1
Lesson 8: Legal Language

The grammar and vocabulary of Chinese legal discourse — statutory language, contract clauses, and the register of rights, obligations, and liability

hsk-6lessonc1
CF 453B - Little Pony and Harmony Chest

We are given a sequence of integers a1, a2, ..., an with values between 1 and 30, and we need to construct another sequence b1, b2, ..., bn of positive integers such that every pair in b is coprime.

codeforcescompetitive-programmingbitmasksbrute-forcedp
科技 (kējì) — technology; science and technology

HSK 4 | noun | science and technology as a combined field

hsk-4vocabularyb1
自由 (zìyóu) — freedom; free

HSK 5 | noun/adjective | freedom, liberty; free, unrestricted

hsk-5vocabularyb2
周末 (zhōumò) — weekend

HSK 3 | noun | weekend, Saturday and Sunday

hsk-3vocabularya2